Australia as a Penal Colony

Mészáros, Krisztina (1999) Australia as a Penal Colony. Other, Juhász Gyula Tanárképző Főiskola.

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Abstract

My dissertation covers the first settlement of Australia by the British. It starts with the British background that the prisons and hulks of England could not contain the men and women convicted of crimes. Crime was on the increase, the penal policy of the time lacked system and principle, and the American colonies were no longer available for the reception of convicts whose crimes were punishable by transportation. Chapter 1 explains the reasons why the British government decided to form a settlement at Botany Bay. Various possible settlements were considered before choosing `Australia as a penal colony'. Historians also discussed the traditional explanation that Botany Bay was merely settled to dump convicts. They suggested that there had to be other reasons that motivated the settlement like commercial and military reasons. Chapter 2 illustrates the planning and founding of the colony in New South Wales in 1788. People of the settlement were hungry, tired, disappointed and desperate. At the beginning there were a series of difficulties, for example in farming, but later they found more fertile land inland and began to have small successes. It was the first governor of the colony, Captain Arthur Philip's patience and perseverance that led the settlement to a victory in the struggle for survival. Finally, Chapter 3 gives a description of convicts and their life. There are different pictures of the convicts' background and character. Apart from this, they took up the difficult and dangerous task of establishing a permanent colony.

Institution

Juhász Gyula Tanárképző Főiskola

Faculty

Gyula Juhász Teacher Training College

Department

Angol Tanszék

Discipline

Teacher Training

Specialization

angol

Supervisor(s)

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Subjects:	05. Social sciences > 05.03. Educational sciences
Depositing User:	Szerkesztő JGYPK
Date Deposited:	2019. Jun. 06. 12:22
Last Modified:	2020. Jun. 23. 13:03
URI:	https://diploma.bibl.u-szeged.hu/id/eprint/77090

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